Femalenear-TME: estandarización de la proctectomía en mujeres con colitis ulcerosa / Female near-TME: Standardization of proctectomy in women with ulcerative colitis

Dos técnicas quirúrgicas de proctectomía en colitis ulcerosa (CU) han sido empleadas tradicionalmente: la escisión total de mesorrecto (TME) y la disección perirrectal (CRD). Recientemente, el presente grupo de trabajo ha propuesto la estandarización de la técnica near-TME, la cual reúne las ventajas de estas dos. Disminuye el riesgo de lesión nerviosa autónoma pélvica, así como el volumen de remanente mesorrectal. Las referencias anatómicas a la hora de realizar la near-TME varían entre el varón y la mujer, sobre todo en la hemicircunferencia anterolateral. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estandarizar la técnica de near-TME en mujeres (femalenear-TME) con base en landmarks anatomoquirúrgicos característicos de la pelvis femenina a partir de ilustraciones y de un caso real intervenido de forma laparoscópica. Esta técnica debe ser llevada a cabo por cirujanos con experiencia en cirugía de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal y con amplios conocimientos anatomoquirúrgicos.(AU)

Traditionally, two surgical techniques for proctectomy in ulcerative colitis have been used: total mesorectal excision (TME), and close rectal dissection (CRD). Recently, our research group has proposed the standardization of the near-TME technique, which unites the advantages of both methods. It decreases the risk of pelvic autonomic nerve injury and reduces the volume of mesorectal remnant. When performing the near-TME, the anatomical landmarks differ between men and women, especially in the anterolateral hemicircumference. The objective of this paper is to standardize the near-TME technique in women (female near-TME) using characteristic surgical-anatomic landmarks of the female pelvis based on illustrations and a real case treated laparoscopically. This technique should be carried out by surgeons with experience in inflammatory bowel disease surgery and extensive knowledge of surgical anatomy.(AU)

Tratamiento del quiste tirogloso mediante técnica de Koempel. Experiencia inicial / Treatment of thyroglossal cyst using Koempel’s technique: initial experience

Introducción: La intervención de Sistrunk es el gold-standard en el tratamiento del quiste tirogloso pese a su imprecisión en cuanto a la disección suprahioidea. Tras su descripción en 2014, las modificaciones introducidas por Koempel, han permitido un abordaje suprahioideo más reproducible. Presentamos nuestra experiencia inicial con esta técnica. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes con quiste tirogloso intervenidos mediante técnica de Koempel en nuestro centro en el periodo 2021-2022, recogiéndose datos demográficos, clínicos e histológicos. Resultados. Durante el periodo de estudio se intervinieron 5 pacientes (3 mujeres/2 varones), con una mediana de edad y peso de 5 años (2-6) y 16 kg (14-25) respectivamente. Todos los casos habían sufrido infecciones previas presentando fistulización cutánea el 60%. En 2 de los pacientes se indicó la cirugía por recidiva tras intervención de Sistrunk. La mediana del tiempo quirúrgico fue de 77minutos (57-110) identificándose el plano del músculo geniogloso en los 5 pacientes. No hubo complicaciones inmediatas y el diagnóstico de quiste tirogloso se confirmó histológicamente en todos los casos. Uno de los pacientes del grupo con recidiva previa, presentó recidiva tras la intervención, siendo esta subclínica y diagnosticada incidentalmente tras ecografía de control. El resto de los pacientes no presentó ninguna recurrencia tras un seguimiento mediana de 8 meses (1-12). Conclusiones: La técnica de Koempel permite un abordaje seguro y reproducible del segmento suprahioideo siendo una opción atractiva en casos complicados por infección o recidiva previa.(AU)

Introduction: In spite of being inaccurate in terms of suprahyoid dissection, Sistrunk’s procedure is the gold-standard technique in the treatment of thyroglossal cyst. Since it was first described in 2014, the modifications introduced by Koempel have allowed for a more reproducible suprahyoid approach. We present our initial experience with this technique.Methods: A retrospective study of patients with thyroglossal cyst undergoing Koempel’s technique in our institution from 2021 to 2022 was carried out. Demographic, clinical, and histological data was collected. Results. In the study period, 5 patients –3 girls and 2 boys– underwent surgery. Median age and weight were 5 years (2-6) and 16 kg (14-25), respectively. All patients had suffered from previous infections, with 60% having cutaneous fistulization. In 2 patients, surgery was indicated following Sistrunk’s procedure as a result of recurrence. Median operating time was 77 minutes (57-110), with the genioglossal muscle plane being identified in the 5 patients. No immediate complications were recorded, and diagnosis of thyroglossal cyst was histologically confirmed in all cases. One of the formerly recurrent patients had recurrence following surgery, but it was subclinical and incidentally diagnosed at control ultrasonography. The remaining patients had no recurrences after a median 8-month (1-12) follow-up period. Conclusions: Koempel’s technique allows for a safe and reproducible approach of the suprahyoid segment. It is an attractive option in complicated cases as a result of previous infection or recurrence.(AU)

Assessment of mathematical model for elliptical excision: solving the doubt about vertex angle and predicting postoperative wound length.

BACKGROUND: Elliptical excision is the most commonly used method for small benign tumour excision and primary closure. However, elliptical excision remains the topic of debate. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship among postoperative incision, vertex angle, and the length and width of fusiform excision through a mathematical model. METHODS: We collected data from fusiform circle excisions performed at the author's hospital (101 cases). The measured values were applied to the mathematical model formula for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The functional relationships among the length, width, arc, and angle of the fusiform circle were obtained. The mean apical tangent angle was 100.731°±15.782°, and the mean apical inner angle was 50.366°±7.891°. There was no significant difference between the preoperatively designed arc length preoperative and the postoperative incision length (P < 0.001). The apical vertex push-out distance equals half of the value of the fusiform length subtracted from arc. CONCLUSIONS: The mathematical model can be used to design the incision for ellipse fusiform excision to predict the final wound length.

Implicaciones de los diferentes modelos analgésicos en los marcadores inflamatorios tras colecistectomía laparoscópica / Implications of Different Analgesic Models on Inflammatory Markers after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Antecedentes: Las cirugías laparoscópicas inducen dolores de hombro y abdominales significativos, que fluctúan entre 35 y 80% de los pacientes, a pesar de sus ventajas. La causa del dolor posterior a la laparoscopia no se comprende plenamente, suponiéndose que es multifactorial y posiblemente un tipo de dolor referido. Objetivo del estudio Evaluar el efecto de los diferentes modelos analgésicos en el dolor posterior a la laparoscopia y en las modulaciones del marcador inflamatorio. Métodos Se asignó aleatoriamente a los pacientes programados para colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva, para recibir una infiltración local en la fosa hepática y el área subdiafragmática derecha con uno de los cuatro tipos de mezcla analgésica de fármacos siguientes: grupo 1 (G1) con 20 mL de bupivacaína al 0,25%; grupo 2 (G2) con 20 mL de bupivacaína al 0,25% + 3 mg de sulfato de morfina; grupo 3 (G3) con 20 mL de bupivacaína al 0,25% + 3 mg de sulfato de morfina + 200 mcg/kg de ketamina; y grupo 4 (G4) con 20 mL de solución salina isotónica como grupo control. Resultados El G3 demostró unos niveles significativamente bajos en la escala de calificación numérica oral del dolor de hombro y marcadores inflamatorios, en contraste con los tres grupos restantes. Los altos niveles de marcadores inflamatorios, estadísticamente significativos, fueron registrados en el grupo control en la comparación entre los grupos de estudio. No se documentaron efectos secundarios ni complicaciones en los cuatro grupos. Conclusión La adición de ketamina y morfina a bupivacaína para insuflado hepático y subdiafragmático produjo buena analgesia y redujo los niveles de los marcadores inflamatorios tras colecistectomía laparoscópica. (AU)

Background: Despite the advantages of laparoscopic surgeries, its induced shoulder and abdominal pain are significant, ranging from 35% to 80%. The cause of post laparoscopic pain is not fully understood and supposed to be multifactorial and possibly referred to as pain. Aim of the study Evaluate the effect of different analgesic models on post-laparoscopic pain and inflammatory markers modulation. Methods Patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy randomLy assigned to receive local infiltration of the hepatic and right subdiaphragmatic fossae with one of four types of the analgesic mixture of drugs:-Group-1 (G1): 20 mL of (bupivacaine 0.25%) Group-2 (G2): 20 mL of (bupivacaine 0.25% + 3 mg of Morphine sulphate) Group-3 (G3): 20 mL of (bupivacaine 0.25% + 3 mg of Morphine sulphate + 200 microgram/kg ketamine). Group-4 (G4): 20 mL of isotonic saline as the control group. Results Group 3 demonstrated significant low VNRS of shoulder pain and significantly low levels of inflammatory marker compared with the other three groups. Highest statistically significant levels of inflammatory markers recorded in the control group among the study groups. No side effects or complications documented in the four study groups. Conclusión The addition of Ketamine and Morphine to the Bupivacaine for hepatic and subdiaphragmatic insufflation produced good analgesia and reduced the levels of inflammatory markers after Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (AU)

Surgical Instant Replay-A National Video-Based Performance Assessment Toolbox.

This article discusses the widespread implementation of surgical video replay to improve technical and nontechnical performance of surgeons.

The MIS PSO.

The MIS PSO is a hybrid approach using less-invasive surgical approaches combined with traditional open spinal deformity techniques for the treatment of adult spinal deformities. The MIS PSO allows for the correction of spinal deformities in the coronal and sagittal planes, even in the fixed spine, and simultaneously mitigating the morbidity of traditional open surgery by preserving the soft tissues and minimizing blood loss. This article discusses the surgical steps of the MIS PSO and reviews our experience.

Migración de catéter de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal distal a arteria pulmonar: una complicación poco común / Distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter migration into the pulmonary artery: a rare complication

La derivación ventrículoperitoneal es un procedimiento quirúrgico habitual para eliminar el exceso de líquido cefalorraquídeo (hidrocefalia), asociado a distintas complicaciones. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 60 años con hidrocefalia postraumática al que se le implantó una derivación ventrículoperitoneal. Tras la mejoría clínica inicial, trece meses después desarrolló empeoramiento de la marcha y problemas cognitivos. Las radiografías y tomografía computarizada de tórax mostraron que el catéter distal de la derivación había migrado a la arteria pulmonar. Se extrajo quirúrgicamente el catéter mediante reapertura de la incisión retroauricular previa y tracción manual, sin incidencias. Se implantó un nuevo catéter peritoneal con mejoría clínica inmediata. Dos años después, el paciente permanece asintomático. Este caso ilustra una complicación infrecuente de un procedimiento neuroquirúrgico habitual que puede ser detectada por diferentes profesionales sanitarios; revisamos sus diferentes formas de presentación y estrategias de manejo multidisciplinar a partir de diecinueve casos similares publicados.(AU)

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement is a common treatment for hydrocephalus, although not devoid of complications. We report a case of a 60-year-old male who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation for the treatment of posttraumatic hydrocephalus. Thirteen months post surgery, after an initial clinical improvement, the patient manifested gait and cognitive disorders. Chest X-rays and computed tomography revealed that the distal shunt catheter had migrated into the pulmonary artery. The catheter was removed by reopening the previous retroauricular incision followed by manual traction, without incidents. A new peritoneal catheter was implanted with immediate clinical improvement and no further complications two years after the second surgery. We communicate a rare complication of a standard neurosurgical procedure that can be detected by different healthcare professionals, and review its various forms of presentation and multidisciplinary management strategies from 19 similar clinical cases found in the literature.(AU)

Cumplimentación del consentimiento informado en cirugía radioguiada por los servicios de Cirugía General y Medicina Nuclear de una unidad de cirugía radioguiada / Completion of the informed consent in radioguided surgery by the General Surgery and Nuclear Medicine services of a radioguided surgery unit

Objetivo Identificar la frecuencia de errores en los documentos de consentimiento informado en cirugía radioguiada en un hospital de tercer nivel y detectar posibles causas o factores asociados a un mayor riesgo de error. Material y método Se analizaron los consentimientos informados de un total de 369 intervenciones de cirugía radioguiada, cumplimentados por los servicios de Medicina Nuclear y Cirugía General, y se analizó el grado de cumplimentación de los mismos y su correlación con facultativos responsables, tipo de enfermedad e intervención, tiempo de espera y cumplimentación del consentimiento de la otra especialidad. Resultados Se identificaron errores en 22 consentimientos de Medicina Nuclear y 71 consentimientos de Cirugía General. El error más común fue la ausencia de identificación del facultativo responsable (17 en Medicina Nuclear, 51 en Cirugía General), y el segundo más común la ausencia de documento (2 en Medicina Nuclear, 20 en Cirugía General). Existieron diferencias significativas en los errores cometidos en función del médico responsable, sin encontrarse correlación significativa con el resto de las variables. Conclusiones Los médicos responsables fueron el principal factor asociado a un mayor riesgo de error en la cumplimentación de consentimientos informados. Serían recomendables nuevos estudios para analizar factores casuales y posibles intervenciones para minimizar errores (AU)

Objective To identify the frequency of errors in the informed consent documents in radioguided surgery in a third level hospital and to detect possible causes or factors associated with a greater risk of error. Material and method The informed consents of a total of 369 radioguided surgery interventions, completed by the Nuclear Medicine and General Surgery services, were analyzed, as well as their degree of completion and its correlation with responsible physicians, type of pathology and intervention, waiting time and completion of the consent of the other specialty. Results Errors were identified in 22 consent forms for Nuclear Medicine and 71 consent forms for General Surgery. The most common error was the absence of identification of the responsible physician (17 in Nuclear Medicine, 51 in General Surgery), and the second most common was the absence of a document (2 in Nuclear Medicine, 20 in General Surgery). There were significant differences in the errors made depending on the doctor in charge, without finding a significant correlation with the other variables. Conclusions The responsible physicians were the main factor associated with a greater risk of error in the completion of informed consent. New studies would be recommended to analyze causal factors and possible interventions to minimize errors (AU)

Reconstrucción palpebral inferior con colgajo tarsoconjuntival de Hughes / Lower eyelid reconstruction with Hughes tarsoconjunctival flap

Introducción. Los párpados son estructuras delicadas, compuestas por piel fina y cartílago (tarso), las cuales, al presentar una lesión, son de difícil reconstrucción, debido a su importante papel estructural, funcional y estético, como así también la delicadeza de las estructuras que la componen1. En cuanto a las pérdidas de sustancia que asientan en el párpado inferior, existen diversas técnicas para intentar reestablecer su anatomía. Entre ellas se encuentra la ampliamente conocida y utilizada técnica de Hughes, descripta en 1937, que consiste en crear, desde el párpado superior, un colgajo de lamela posterior, compuesto de un segmento de tarso unido a la conjuntiva, las cuales se suturan al párpado inferior, al que hay que asociar otro tipo de procedimiento para formar la lamela anterior, ya sea un injerto cutáneo libre o un colgajo de piel adyacente al defecto2. Fue modificada en 1982 por McCord y Nunery, quienes plantean dejar un margen de 4 mm del borde libre palpebral, para no debilitar el párpado superior5. Su indicación principal son los defectos mayores al 50-60% de la longitud palpebral horizontal, con cantos intactos3, aunque se puede combinar con otro tipo de técnicas que reparen los defectos cantales1. Objetivo. Demostrar la versatilidad y efectividad del colgajo tarsoconjuntival de Hughes para la reconstrucción de defectos de cobertura asentados en el párpado inferior. Descripción de la técnica "paso a paso", resaltando tips quirúrgicos para mejorar resultados. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en el cual se intervinieron 5 pacientes con afección de párpado inferior, en el Parque de la Salud, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina, entre julio del 2019 y febrero del 2022, de los cuales 3 fueron con anestesia local (casos clínicos 1, 2 y 4) en quirófano ambulatorio, y dados de alta luego del procedimiento, y el resto con anestesia general y dados de alta al día siguiente (casos clínicos 3 y 5). Resultados. Se analizaron 5 pacientes, 1 mujer (20%) y 4 hombres (80%), con un rango etario que fue desde los 39 hasta los 70 años (media de 56 años). Con respecto al diagnóstico, 3 fueron reconstrucciones inmediatas posresección de carcinomas basocelulares con cirugía micrográfica de Mohs (2 variante lobulado, y 1 macronodular) y a los restantes 2 pacientes se los realizó como método reconstructivo pos ectropión cicatrizal (de los cuales uno tenía antecedentes de resección de carcinoma basocelular palpebral y el otro un dermatofibrosarcoma en mejilla). Considerando el segundo paso quirúrgico, es decir la autonomización, se realizaron en 2 casos a los 21 días, y los 3 restantes próximos a cumplir el mes (media 25 días). El seguimiento posoperatorio varía desde el año hasta los 36 meses posoperatorios, con una media de 22,6 meses. Discusión. El colgajo tarsoconjuntival de Hughes es un colgajo versátil, que requiere una curva de aprendizaje corta, el cual está indicado para defectos del párpado inferior que no se extienden mucho más allá del borde inferior de la placa tarsal. Para el mismo se utiliza una tira ancha de placa tarsal superior sobre un pedículo de conjuntiva y posteriormente, para reconstruir la lamela posterior del párpado inferior, se puede utilizar un nuevo colgajo de tejidos adyacentes del párpado inferior o un autoinjerto de piel, para el cual la mejor opción por la similitud de los tejidos es la piel del párpado superior contralateral. Conclusiones. El colgajo de Hughes es una técnica que proporciona resultados estéticos y funcionales muy satisfactorios. Sus principales limitaciones son que requiere procedimientos asociados para reestablecer la lamela anterior (injertos o colgajos), y otra intervención posterior para autonomizar el colgajo a las dos semanas y reformar el nuevo borde libre palpebral, considerando además la incomodidad que representa la oclusión ocular que requiere hasta su autonomización. En esta serie de casos la lesión cutánea más frecuente fue el carcinoma basocelular, y a 4 de ellas se les realizó cirugía micrográfica de Mohs, de los cuales no hubo recidiva hasta la actualidad, lo cual demuestra además la efectividad de este método para tratar esta clase de tumores en zonas faciales especiales

Introduction. The eyelids are delicate structures, composed of thin skin and cartilage (tarsus), which, when presenting an injury, are difficult to reconstruct, due to their important structural, functional and aesthetic role, as well as the delicacy of their structures that compose1. Regarding the loss of substance that settles in the lower eyelid, there are various techniques to try to reestablish its anatomy, among them is the widely known and used Hughes Technique, described in 1937, which consists of creating, from the upper eyelid , a flap of the posterior lamella, composed of a tarsal segment attached to the conjunctiva, which are sutured to the lower eyelid, to which another type of procedure must be associated to form the anterior lamella, either a free skin graft or a flap of skin adjacent to the defect2. It was later modified in 1982, by McCord and Nunery, who propose leaving a 4 mm margin from the eyelid free edge, so as not to weaken the upper eyelid5. Its main indication is defects greater than 50-60% of the horizontal palpebral length, with intact edges3, although it can be combined with other types of techniques that repair canthal defects1 Objective. To demonstrate the versatility and effectiveness of the Hughes tarsoconjunctival flap for the reconstruction of coverage defects located in the lower eyelid. Description of the "step by step" technique, highlighting surgical tips to improve results. Materials and methods. This is a retrospective descriptive study, in which a total of 5 patients with lower eyelid disease were operated on, in the Parque de la Salud, Posadas, Misiones, Argentine, between July 2019 and February 2022, of which 3 patients were with local anesthesia (Clinical Cases 1, 2 and 4) in the ambulatory operating room, and discharged after the procedure, and the rest underwent general anesthesia and discharged the next day (Clinical Cases 3 and 5). Results. A total of 5 patients were analyzed, 1 woman (20%) and 4 men (80%), with an age range from 39 to 70 years (mean 56 years). Regarding the diagnosis, 3 were immediate reconstructions after resection of Basal Cell Carcinomas with Mohs Micrographic Surgery (2 lobulated and 1 macronodular variants) and the remaining 2 patients underwent post-scarring ectropion reconstructive method (of which one had a history of resection). Basal Cell Carcinoma of the eyelid and the other a Dermatofibrosarcoma on the cheek). Considering the second surgical step, that is, autonomization, 2 cases were performed at 21 days, and the remaining 3 were close to a month old (mean 25 days). Postoperative follow-up varies from one year to 36 postoperative months, with a mean of 22.6 months. Discussion. The Hughes tarsoconjunctival flap is a versatile flap, requiring a short learning curve, which is indicated for lower lid defects that do not extend much beyond the lower border of the tarsal plate. For this, a wide strip of the upper tarsal plate is used on a conjunctival pedicle, and later, to reconstruct the posterior lamella of the lower eyelid, a new flap of adjacent tissues from the lower eyelid or a skin autograft can be used, for which the best option due to the similarity of the tissues is the skin of the contralateral upper eyelid. Conclusions. The Hughes flap is a technique that provides very satisfactory aesthetic and functional results. Its main limitations are that it requires associated procedures to reestablish the anterior lamella (grafts or flaps), and another subsequent intervention to autonomize the flap after two weeks and reform the new eyelid free edge, also considering the discomfort represented by ocular occlusion that requires even its autonomy. In this series of cases, the most frequent skin lesion was Basal Cell Carcinoma, and in 4 of them Mohs micrographic surgery was performed, of which there has been no recurrence to date, which also demonstrates the effectiveness of this method to treat this class of tumors in special facial areas.

Reconstrucción palpebral luego de una resección total por cáncer / Palpebral reconstruction after total resection due to cancer

Introducción: La incidencia de los tumores malignos palpebrales varía según las diferentes razas. Su frecuencia aumenta con la edad y su aparición está relacionada con factores genéticos, virales y ambientales. Objetivo: Presentar un caso con una lesión tumoral en el párpado inferior al que se le realizó la reconstrucción palpebral luego de una resección parcial por cáncer con técnica combinada que incluyó Mustardé e injerto de mucosa. Presentación de caso: Paciente masculino de 76 años de edad con antecedentes de salud. Hace un año atrás comenzó a presentar una lesión endurada en el párpado inferior izquierdo hacia el canto interno del ojo, que fue aumentando de volumen, con una ulceración posterior. En el examen físico se observó una lesión ulcerada y sucia de aproximadamente 2 ( 2,5 cm, que comprometía los 2/3 mediales del parpado inferior, incluyendo la vía conducto lagrimal. Tras la intervención quirúrgica la extirpación creó un defecto correspondiente a la ausencia en todos los planos anatómicos en casi la totalidad del párpado inferior izquierdo, por lo que se planeó un colgajo de avance de la mejilla. El estudio histopatológico confirmó un carcinoma epidermoide completamente resecado. Conclusiones: Esta cirugía combinada permitió una exéresis amplia del tumor con el margen oncológico requerido y la sustitución aproximada de las estructuras del párpado. Se lograron una funcionabilidad adecuada y una cubierta del globo ocular óptima en su porción inferior, además de armónico con el contralateral(AU)

Introduction: The incidence of palpebral malignant tumors varies according to different races. Its frequency increases with age and its occurrence is related to genetic, viral and environmental factors. Objective: To present a case with a tumor lesion in the lower eyelid, who underwent palpebral reconstruction after a partial resection due to cancer with a combined technique including Mustardé and mucosal graft and its clinical evolution. Case presentation: 76-year-old male patient with a medical history. One year ago he began to present an indurated lesion on the left lower eyelid towards the inner canthus of the eye that was increasing in volume, with subsequent ulceration. Physical examination revealed an ulcerated and dirty lesion of approximately 2 ( 2.5 cm involving the medial 2/3 of the lower eyelid, including the lacrimal duct. After surgery the excision created a defect corresponding to the absence in all anatomic planes in almost the entire left lower eyelid, so a cheek advancement flap was planned. Histopathologic study confirmed a completely resected epidermoid carcinoma. Conclusions: This combined surgery allowed wide excision of the tumor with the required oncologic margin and approximate replacement of the eyelid structures. Adequate functionality and optimal eyeball cover was achieved in its lower portion, as well as harmonic with the contralateral one(AU)

Sensor pré-calibrado para monitorização de pressão intravascular e minimamente invasiva do débito cardíaco, Flotrac®, para cirurgias, maiores e de alto risco / Pre-calibrated sensor for intravascular and minimally invasive monitoring of cardiac output, Flotrac®, for major and high-risk surgeries

INTRODUÇÃO: O padrão ouro atual para monitorização hemodinâmica durante cirurgias é o cateter de artéria pulmonar, que exige punção venosa profunda. O FloTrac® é um sistema para monitorização hemodinâmica minimamente invasivo pois conecta-se à uma punção arterial distal, com potencial menor risco de complicações. TECNOLOGIA: Sensor pré-calibrado para monitorização hemodinâmica contínua do débito cardíaco e da pressão intravascular, sistema FloTrac. PERGUNTA: O uso do sistema FloTrac® em pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos de grande porte ou de alto risco é eficaz e seguro quando comparado ao uso do cateter de artéria pulmonar? EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS: As buscas identificaram apenas um ensaio clínico randomizado, cujo objetivo foi comparar o efeito da terapia guiada por metas realizada utilizando o cateter de artéria pulmonar versus o sistema FloTrac® após cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Os pacientes do grupo FloTrac® receberam mais volume e ficaram em média cinco horas a menos em suporte ventilatório, ambos desfechos estatisticamente significativos. Estudo com alto risco de viés e certeza da evidência avaliada como muito baixa. AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA (AE): O demandante optou por descartar as diferenças observadas no ensaio clínico e considerar as tecnologias com igual eficácia, adotando um modelo econômico de custo-minimização. O preço do FloTrac® foi ofertado de forma a ser equivalente ao preço do cateter de artéria pulmonar em compras públicas recentes. A busca no Banco de Preços em Saúde foi atualizada pelo parecerista e observou-se que o preço proposto (R$ 1.200,00) está acima do valor SIGTAP (R$ 518,70) e da mediana de preços das compras públicas realizadas nos últimos 18 meses (R$ 358,50 a R$ 380,00 dependendo do tamanho do cateter). ANÁLISE DE IMPACTO ORÇAMENTÁRIO (AIO): A avaliação do impacto orçamentário foi realizada por demanda aferida e considerou apenas o custo de aquisição dos cateteres. O demandante considerou o mesmo preço para as tecnologias e consequentemente impacto orçamentário zero. O impacto foi recalculado com base na mediana e média ponderada dos preços atualizados no BPS em relação ao preço ofertado sendo constatado um impacto incremental em torno de 22,5 a 33,7 milhões de reais em cinco anos. RECOMENDAÇÕES DE AGÊNCIAS DE ATS: CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A monitorização minimamente invasiva é uma opção à monitorização invasiva com potencial, porém não comprovado, de redução de risco de complicações como infecção associada ao cateter e pneumotórax. Um único ensaio clínico, com muita baixa confiabilidade demonstrou superioridade do FloTrac® em relação ao cateter de artéria pulmonar com redução de cinco horas no tempo médio de ventilação assistida. O demandante optou por considerar eficácia semelhante e ofertar o FloTrac® com preço igual à mediana de preço de compras no BPS do cateter de artéria pulmonar, ou seja, sem custos incrementais ao SUS. Porém, os valores atualizados no BPS são inferiores aos valores apresentados. RECOMENDAÇÃO PRELIMINAR DA CONITEC: Pelo exposto, o Plenário da Conitec, em sua 114ª Reunião Ordinária, no dia 09 de novembro de 2022, deliberou por unanimidade que a matéria fosse disponibilizada em Consulta Pública com recomendação preliminar desfavorável à incorporação do FloTrac®, sistema para monitorização do débito cardíaco minimamente invasivo em cirurgias de grande porte e de alto risco. Os membros da Conitec consideraram que o preço da tecnologia é superior ao preço do cateter de artéria pulmonar hoje disponibilizado no SUS, o que é divergente da proposta apresentada pelo demandante de igualdade de preços e impacto orçamental nulo. Após revisão das compras realizadas nos últimos 18 meses, o preço proposto do FloTrac® (R$ 1.200,00), em relação ao preço do cateter de artéria pulmonar, encontra-se significativamente superior ao valor SIGTAP (R$ 518,70), média ponderada (R$ 380 a R$ 651,34 cateteres 7,0/7,5 french) ou mediana de preços (R$ 358,50 a R$ 380,00 cateteres 7,0/7,5 french) e que por isso causaria um impacto orçamentário incremental sem comprovação de benefícios clínicos ou de segurança que justificassem o investimento. CONSULTA PÚBLICA: Foram recebidas 7 contribuições, sendo todas de experiência e opinião. Diante das argumentações apresentadas, o plenário da Conitec entendeu que não houve argumentação suficiente para mudança de entendimento acerca de sua recomendação preliminar, com base em evidência científica frágil. Desse modo, a Comissão, diante das incertezas quanto ao real benefício do dispositivo, manteve a posição desfavorável à incorporação do sensor pré-calibrado para monitorização hemodinâmica contínua do débito cardíaco e da pressão intravascular, sistema FloTrac. RECOMENDAÇÃO FINAL DA CONITEC: Diante do exposto, os membros presentes do Comitê de Produtos e Procedimentos da Conitec, em sua 116ª Reunião Ordinária, realizada no dia 15 de março de 2023, deliberaram, por unanimidade, recomendar a não incorporação, no SUS, sensor pré-calibrado para monitorização de pressão intravascular e minimamente invasiva do débito cardíaco, FloTrac®, para cirurgias de grande porte e de alto risco. Para essa recomendação, a Conitec considerou que a consulta pública não trouxe elementos novos que alterassem a recomendação preliminar. Foi assinado o registro de deliberação nº 801/2023. DECISÃO: Não incorporar, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, o sensor pré-calibrado para monitorização de pressão intravascular e minimamente invasiva do débito cardíaco, FloTrac®, para cirurgias de grande porte e de alto risco, publicada no Diário Oficial da União nº 74, seção 1, página 195, em 18 de abril de 2023.

Efficacy of various surgical methods in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A network meta-analysis

Objective: We often use surgery to treat allergic rhinitis (AR) patients who have failed drug treatment, but there is currently no clear gold standard for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Using network meta-analysis, we evaluated the efficacy of different surgical methods in the treatment of AR. Methods: PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, Wan Fang Data, and CNKI databases were searched to collect clinical randomized controlled trials of AR with different surgical methods that met the inclusion criteria. After two investigators independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, R software was used to evaluate inconsistency using the node splitting method, and Stata15.1 was used to estimate the ranking probability of treatment. Results: A total of 47 randomized control studies involving 17 surgical schemes and 4144 participants were included. The results showed that after excluding surgical methods that did not form a closed loop, in AR patients without chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps, surgical efficiency and symptom score ranked the same, which were posterior nasal neurectomy (PNN), Vidian neurectomy (VN), anterior ethmoid neurectomy (AEN), nasal septal reconstruction (NSR), and bilateral inferior turbinoplasty (BIT). In AR patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, the effective rate (OR = 5.06; 95% CI = 2.75–9.32) and symptom and sign scores (MD = -3.80; 95% CI = -6.50–1.09) of PNN + FESS (functional endoscopic sinusitis surgery) were higher than FESS, and there was a significant difference. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PNN is the best single operation for patients with AR and without chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps, and the combination of multiple procedures may be better than a single operation. FESS + PNN is more effectual in AR patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (AU)

Does Time and Size Matter in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery? Results Analysis Using a Low-Pressure Technique

Purpose: Kidney stone disease affects 5% of the population and is associated with non-negligible morbidity. Retrograde intrarenal surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are the treatments of choice. We analyzed the results from our patients who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery at controlled pressure. Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational, descriptive, retrospective study of 403 patients who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery at the Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa (Zaragoza, Spain) between January 2013 and December 2019. Results: The mean surgical time was 111.1 minutes, with a mean stone volume of 3.5 cm3 (maximum volume, 38.3 cm3). A total of 70 patients (17.3%) developed postoperative Clavien-Dindo complications—64 minor (91.4%) and 6 major (8.6%). In addition, 28 patients (6.9%) presented with an early complication (<3 months), with urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis being the most common. The stone-free rate was 69.0%, with a retreatment rate of 4.7%. Conclusions: Sex was statistically significantly related to the onset of minor Clavien postoperative complications (p = 0.001). Similarly, corticosteroid use was associated with the onset of major Clavien complications (p = 0.030). Neither surgical time nor stone volume was found to be statistically significantly related to the onset of Clavien postoperative complications or early complications (AU)

Suspensión frontal con aponeurosis temporal en paciente con ptosis palpebral traumática recidivante crónica / Frontal suspension with temporal aponeurosis in a patient with chronic recurrent traumatic eyelid ptosis

La ptosis palpebral es una de las patologías más frecuentes en la consulta de oftalmología, tanto en urgencias como en el ámbito ambulatorio. El trauma del párpado superior puede provocar ptosis o retracción o una combinación de ambos. En este tipo de ptosis palpebral, su resolución mediante tratamiento quirúrgico, existiendo múltiples alternativas de procedimientos que se decidirá de acuerdo con la causas que las originan, así como la severidad de la ptosis. En este trabajo es a propósito de un caso clínico en el cual nos encontramos una paciente con ptosis palpebral traumática recidivante, utilizándose suspensión frontal con aponeurosis de músculo temporal, realizándose una variación de la técnica de Crawford disminuyendo la probabilidad de nueva recidiva

Palpebral ptosis is one of the most frequent pathologies in the ophthalmology consultation, both in the emergency room and in the outpatient setting Trauma to the upper eyelid can cause ptosis or retraction or a combination of both. In this type of eyelid ptosis its resolution by surgical treatment, there are multiple alternatives of procedures that will be decided according to the causes that originate them, as well as the severity of the ptosis, in this work is about a clinical case in which we find a patient with Recurrent Traumatic Palpebral Ptosis, using frontal suspension with aponeurosis of temporal muscle, performing a variation of the Crawford Technique decreasing the probability of recurrence.

Overlapping Surgery-In DeBakey's Shadow.

This Viewpoint discusses the future of the practice of overlapping surgeries.

Perioperative Considerations for Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease Presenting for Noncardiac Procedures: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Continuous advances in pediatric cardiology, surgery, and critical care have significantly improved survival rates for children and adults with congenital heart disease. Paradoxically, the resulting increase in longevity has expanded the prevalence of both repaired and unrepaired congenital heart disease and has escalated the need for diagnostic and interventional procedures. Because of this expansion in prevalence, anesthesiologists, pediatricians, and other health care professionals increasingly encounter patients with congenital heart disease or other pediatric cardiac diseases who are presenting for surgical treatment of unrelated, noncardiac disease. Patients with congenital heart disease are at high risk for mortality, complications, and reoperation after noncardiac procedures. Rigorous study of risk factors and outcomes has identified subsets of patients with minor, major, and severe congenital heart disease who may have higher-than-baseline risk when undergoing noncardiac procedures, and this has led to the development of risk prediction scores specific to this population. This scientific statement reviews contemporary data on risk from noncardiac procedures, focusing on pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and describing current knowledge on the subject. This scientific statement also addresses preoperative evaluation and testing, perioperative considerations, and postoperative care in this unique patient population and highlights relevant aspects of the pathophysiology of selected conditions that can influence perioperative care and patient management.

Inteligencia artificial en medicina y procedimientos quirúrgicos: impacto en la toma de decisiones y la salud / Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Surgical Procedures: Impact on Decision Making and Health

Introducción: Las revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura constituyen una herramienta metodológica práctica para la búsqueda de información sobre investigaciones clínicas, aplicaciones tecnológicas y la toma de decisiones de impacto en la salud. Objetivo: Describir cómo influye la inteligencia artificial en la toma de decisiones médicas según el grado de concordancia entre estas evidencias y los sistemas expertos aplicados en las especialidades clínicas y quirúrgicas de impacto en la salud, según reportes entre 2010 y 2019. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con el uso de un modelo de bases de datos relacional y un modelo de entidad relación para garantizar la entidad referencial de la que hacen parte las bases de datos y los artículos, así como la calidad de cada uno de los artículos mediante clasificación por grados de concordancia entre muy concordante o no concordante con la temática de interés y la toma de decisiones de impacto en la salud. Conclusiones: Las aplicaciones como los sistemas expertos, los aprendizajes de máquinas y la robótica aportan innovación a las instituciones y un cambio revolucionario en lo académico, clínico y epidemiológico(AU)

Introduction: Systematic reviews of the literature constitute a practical methodological tool for the search of information on clinical research, technological applications and health impact decision-making. Objectives: To describe how artificial intelligence influences medical decision-making according to the degree of agreement between this evidence and the expert systems applied in clinical and surgical specialties with an impact on health, according to reports from 2010 to 2019. Methods: A systematic review was conducted with the use of a relational database model and a relationship entity model to guarantee the referential entity of which the databases and articles are part, as well as the quality of each of the articles classified by degrees of agreement between very concordant or not concordant with the topic of interest and the decision making of impact on health. Conclusions: Applications such as expert systems, machine learning and robotics bring innovation to institutions and a revolutionary change in academic, clinical and epidemiological areas(AU)

Innovación en técnica quirúrgica: Dos técnicas no convencionales para el tratamiento de la coledocolitiasis / Innovative surgical techniques. Two non-conventional techniques for the treatment of choledocholithiasis

RESUMEN La litiasis vesicular asociada a coledocolitiasis puede tener distintos tratamientos, endoscópicos o quirúrgicos, dependiendo del paciente, el entrenamiento del personal médico y de la disponibilidad de instrumental. Ninguno ha demostrado estar exento de complicaciones. Presentamos dos técnicas tendientes a mejorar los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de la coledocolitiasis. Una es la extracción transcística de coledocolitiasis y stent, en pacientes que fueron tratados endoscópicamente por colangitis, tendiente a resolver el problema (la litiasis vesicular, la coledocolitiasis y el stent) en un solo tiempo por cirugía laparoscópica. La segunda es una nueva indicación de una técnica ya descripta, la dilatación papilar anterógrada con balón, utilizada en este caso para disminuir las fugas biliares tras un cierre primario de colédoco.

ABSTRACT Cholelithiasis associated with choledocholithiasis may have different treatments, either by endoscopy or surgery, depending on the patient, level of training of the medical staff and availability of instruments. None of them is free of complications. We report two non-conventional techniques aimed at improving the results of the management of choledocholithiasis. Transcystic removal of common bile duct stones and stent in patients who underwent endoscopic treatment for cholangitis is one of these new techniques to manage cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis and stent removal in a single procedure through laparoscopy. The second technique is a new indication of a previously described procedure, antegrade balloon papillary dilation to reduce biliary leaks after primary closure of the common bile duct.